ABSTRACT
Objetivo: analisar os efeitos da pandemia da COVID-19 no processo de gestar no sertão da Paraíba. Metodologia: estudo transversal com características quantitativas e qualitativas, a partir de instrumento online desenvolvido pelos próprios pesquisadores e disponibilizado via redes sociais. A amostra probabilística foi de 383 gestantes, que estivessem grávidas no período da pandemia COVID-19 e residissem em alguma cidade no Sertão da Paraíba. Os dados foram analisados com um software estatístico calculando a prevalência e razão de prevalência, utilizando testes descritivos de tendência central e de dispersão, a correlação de Pearson e o qui-quadrado de independência, testes de Mann-Whitney e análises a fim de se obter o tamanho de efeito (r) dos testes. A significância estatística foi de p < 0,05. Resultados: a maioria das gestantes tinham companheiro, idade entre 26 a 30 anos, com renda mensal de 1 a 3 salários mínimos e ensino superior, realizaram entre 3 e 6 consultas de pré-natal e sentiram-se amparada pela UBS. Os efeitos no processo de gestar foram o aumento da incidência de gravidez não planejada, não realização de atividade física, o aumento de cuidados gerais e a continuidade do pré-natal pela maioria das gestantes. Houve também receios sobre a transmissibilidade vertical, complicação na gravidez ou no parto, problemas com o bebê, mortalidade materna, falta de assistência especializada, problemas financeiros e importantes impactos psicológicos. Conclusão: é necessário ações de contingência para a saúde materna, a fim de incentivar a adesão às medidas preventivas e facilitar o acesso a cuidados intensivos, bem como assistência psicológica no ciclo gravídico-puerperal em períodos de pandemia.
Objective: to analyze the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the process of gestating in the hinterland of Paraíba. Methodology:transversal study with qualitative and quantitative characteristics, based on an online instrument developed by the researchers themselves and made available via social networks. The probabilistic sample consisted of 383 pregnant women, who were pregnant during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic and residing in a city in the Sertão da Paraíba. Data were analyzed with statistical software, calculating the prevalence and prevalence ratio, using descriptive tests of central tendency and dispersion, Pearson's correlation and chi-square of independence, Mann-Whitney tests and analyzes in order to obtain the effect size (r) of the tests. Statistical significance was p < 0.05. Results: most pregnant women had a partner, aged between 26 and 30 years, with a monthly income of 1 to 3 minimum wages and higher education, attended between 3 and 6 prenatal consultations and felt supported by the UBS. The impacts on the pregnancy process were the increase in the incidence of unplanned pregnancy, not performing physical activity, the increase in general care and the continuity of prenatal care by most pregnant women. There were also fears about vertical transmission, complications in pregnancy or childbirth, problems with the baby, maternal mortality, lack of specialized assistance, financial problems and important psychological impacts. Conclusion: contingency actions for maternal health are needed in order to encourage adherence to preventive measures and facilitate access to intensive care, as well as psychological assistance in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle in periods of pandemic
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Pregnancy , Health , Coronavirus Infections , Pregnant Women , COVID-19 , Prenatal Care , Infant, Premature , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Objective To explore the correlation between social support and pregnancy depression in Shenzhen. Methods From August 2018 and June 2020, a structured questionnaire survey was conducted among pregnant women who underwent pregnancy examination in a 3A-grade maternal & child health care hospital. A total of 1 396 questionnaires with complete information were collected. Chi-square test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to analyze the baseline characteristics. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI confidence interval between social support and pregnancy depression were estimated using logistics regression model. Subgroup analysis was also conducted. Results There were statistically significant differences in education level, medical insurance rate, household registration, family monthly income, proportion of multiparas, proportion of husbands being the only child, pregnancy stress and social support between the depression group and non-depression group. After multi-factors adjustment, the OR (95% CI) of the total social support score was 0.97(95%CI 0.95-0.99), the OR (95% CI) of the objective support dimension was 0.90(95% CI 0.87-0.94), and the P value of the interaction term multiplied by pregnancy term was less than 0.05. According to the stratified analysis of pregnancy, the total score of social support was significantly correlated with the depression status only in the third trimester, with an OR (95% CI) of 0.97 (95% CI 0.94-0.99). The objective support dimension was significantly correlated with depression status in the first and third trimesters, and the OR (95% CI) was 0.78 (95% CI 0.61-0.99) and 0.89 (95% CI 0.84-0.94), respectively. The OR of support utilization score in the third trimester was 0.91 (95% CI 0.83-0.99). Conclusion Social support was negatively correlated with depression during pregnancy and was particularly important in the third trimester. Various dimensions of social support were differentially correlated with pregnancy depression in each trimester. The objective support dimension was particularly important in the first and third trimesters.